WATER SAFETY STRATEGY

REFERENCES (Last updated April 2023)

1. World Health Organization. Global Report on Drowning:  Preventing a Leading Killer. Geneva, Switzerland: World  Health Organization; 2014. Available from: https://www. who.int/publications/i/item/global-report-on-drowning preventing-a-leading-killer

2. United Nations General Assembly. Resolution on Global  Drowning Prevention (A/RES/75/273); 2021. Available from:  https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/75/273 

3. Water Safety USA. National Water Safety Action Plan. (2023)  Available at: https://www.watersafetyusa.org/nwsap.html 

4. California Department of Public Health, Injury and Violence  Prevention Branch. (2022, December 15). EpiCenter:  California Injury Data Online. Retrieved Jan 18, 2023, from:  https://skylab4.cdph.ca.gov/epicenter 

Legacy version for pre-2016 data: epicenter.cdph.ca.gov 

5. Data from the California Comprehensive Master Death File  as part of the ongoing research project titled “California  Drowning Study”; California Department of Public Health  under Order Number 21-03-0139; California Committee for  the Protection of Human Subjects Project Number 2021-077.

6. Governor’s Letter on Drowning Prevention - 2022. Office of the Governor, Sacramento. From: https://www.dds.ca.gov/ initiatives/drowning-prevention/ 

7. Walters JK, Mew MC, Repp KK. (2023). Transgender and  Nonbinary Deaths Investigated by the State Medical  Examiner in the Portland, Oregon, Metro Area and  Their Concordance With Vital Records, 2011-2021. J  Public Health Manag Pract 29(1):p 64-70. doi: 10.1097/ PHH.0000000000001582 

8. Quan L. Risk Factors for Drowning: Culture and Ethnicity.  In: Bierens J, ed. Drowning: Prevention, Rescue Treatment;  Second Edition. 2nd ed. Berlin; New York: Springer;  2014:127-130. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-04253-9_19 

9.  Scarr JP & Jagnoor J. (2022) Identifying Opportunities for  Multisectoral Action for Drowning Prevention: A Scoping  Review. Inj Prev 2022; Dec;28(6):585-594. doi: 10.1136/ip 2022-044712 

10. POOL: A social history of segregation. National Historic  Landmark Fairmount Water Works, Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania. Available from: http://www.poolphl.com 

11. Wiltse J. (2014). The Black–White swimming disparity in  America: A deadly legacy of swimming pool discrimination.  Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 38(4), 366-389. doi:  10.1177/0193723513520553 

12. Williams S. (2017) Segregation by the sea. Black Voices  News. Available from: https://storymaps.arcgis.com/ stories/2cb611bca15b48efa45e193ee5894505 

13. Irwin C, Irwin R, Martin N, Ross, S. (2010). Constraints  Impacting Minority Swimming Participation Phase II. USA  Swimming. Available from: https://www.usaswimming.org/ docs/default-source/parent/learn-to-swim/2010-constraints impacting-minority-swimming-participation-phase-ii. pdf?sfvrsn=e90e3132_4 

14. Clemens T, Moreland B, Lee R. (2021). Persistent racial/ ethnic disparities in fatal unintentional drowning rates  among persons aged≤ 29 years—United States, 1999–2019. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 70(24), 869. doi:  10.15585/mmwr.mm7024a1 

15. Beale-Tawfeeq AK, Waller SN, Anderson A. (2018) "Guest  Editors' Introduction to the Special Issue, Diversity in  Aquatics," International Journal of Aquatic Research  and Education: Vol. 11: No. 1, Article 1. doi: 10.25035/ ijare.11.01.01 

16. Diversity in Aquatics. About. Available from: https://www. diversityinaquatics.org/about 

17. Peden AE, Scarr JP, Mahony AJ. (2021). Analysis of fatal  unintentional drowning in Australia 2008–2020: implications  for the Australian Water Safety Strategy. Aust N Z J Public  Health, 45(3), pp.248-254. doi: 10.1111/1753-6405.13124 

18. Barnes M & Inganamort M. California Water Safety: Lessons  and Landscape. Presentation at the California Water Safety  Coalition Workshop, Part 1: Opening Session; 9 November  2021. Available from: https://www.cawatersafety.org/workshop21 

19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Building Our  Understanding: Social Marketing on a Dime. Centers for  Disease Control, Healthy Community Program. Atlanta:  Center for Disease Control. Available from: https://www.cdc. gov/nccdphp/dch/programs/healthycommunitiesprogram/ tools/pdf/social_marketing.pdf 

20. Babakanian A, Huynh T, Lei D, Patel S, Binkin N. (2022).  Evaluating the status of drowning surveillance: a case  study of Riverside and Orange County. Honors practicum  completed for the UC San Diego Herbert Wertheim School of  Public Health and Longevity Sciences. Available from: https:// ph.ucsd.edu/undergrad/undergrad/honors-practicum/ph final-poster-submission---the-drowning-folks196C.pdf 

21. Childhood Drowning Data Collection Pilot Program, Senate  Bill No. 855 (2022) Available from: https://leginfo.legislature. ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB855 

22. Water Safety USA. Water Competency - a Key Water Safety  Concept. Available at: https://www.watersafetyusa.org/ water-competency 

23. Rajeh N, Bendelow A, Heffernan ME, Kendi S, Hill AL, Davis  MM, Macy ML. (2023). Learning to Swim and Swimming Skills  Among Parents and Their Children in Chicago. Pediatrics. Jan  1;151(1):e2022058867. doi: 10.1542/peds.2022-058867 

24. Stempski S, Liu L, Grow HM, Pomietto M, Chung C, Shumann  A, Bennett E. (2015) Everyone Swims: A community  partnership and policy approach to address health disparities  in drowning and obesity. Health Educ Behav, Apr;42(1  Suppl):106S-114S. doi: 10.1177/1090198115570047 

25. Franklin RC & Peden AE. (2017) Improving Pool Fencing  Legislation in Queensland, Australia: Attitudes and Impact  on Child Drowning Fatalities. Int J Environ Res Public Health,  Nov 24;14(12):1450. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14121450 

26. Scott I & Jagersma M. (2014). Public and Private Pools. In:  Bierens J. (ed) Drowning. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. doi:  10.1007/978-3-642-04253-9_29 

27. Koon W, Peden A, Lawes JC, Brander RW. (2021). Coastal  drowning: A scoping review of burden, risk factors, and  prevention strategies. PLoS one, 16(2), e0246034. doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0246034 

28. Quan L, Mills B, Chau SS, Bennett E, Bolt K, Gomez A. (2021).  Association of designated open water swim area regulations  and open water drowning rates. Inj Prev. 2021 Feb;27(1):10- 16. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043464 

29. Ramos W, Beale A, Chambers P, Dalke S, Fielding R. Kublick  L, Langendorfer S, Lees T, Quan L, Wernicki P. (2015). Primary  and secondary drowning interventions: The American Red  Cross circle of drowning prevention and chain of drowning  survival. International Journal of Aquatic Research and  Education, 9(1), p.8. doi: 10.25035/ijare.09.01.08 

30. Szpilman D, Webber J, Quan L, Bierens J, Morizot-Leite L,  Langendorfer SJ, Beerman S, Løfgren B. (2014) Creating a  drowning chain of survival. Resuscitation.Sep 1;85(9):1149- 52. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2014.05.034 

31. Kolen B & Jonkman S. (2014). Water Related Disasters:  Summary and Recommendations . In: Bierens, J. (eds)  Drowning. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. doi: 10.1007/978-3- 642-04253-9_145 

32. Huang X & Swain DL. (2022). Climate change is increasing  the risk of a California megaflood. Sci Adv. Aug 

12;8(32):eabq0995. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq0995 

33. Schmidt AC, Sempsrott JR, Hawkins SC, Arastu AS, Cushing  TA, Auerbach PS. (2019). Wilderness medical society clinical  practice guidelines for the treatment and prevention of  drowning: 2019 update. Wilderness & environmental  medicine, 30(4), S70-S86. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2019.06.007